Getting to know the history of a nation is a must if you are interested in understanding its people. The history of Romania is the history of the events that took place from ancient times, i.e. the third century B.C. to the present day, when the modern day nation state of Romania that you see on the map evolved after going through many turmoils, and its boundaries got redrawn a number of times.

It is also the history of its people, the very people, who gave Romania national identity and distinct cultural flavor. The Romania of today was inhabited by people of Dacia, a Thracian tribe, at about year 200 B.C.

The first state was formed in Romania during the reign of Burebista (82 - 44 B.C.). The infant state became involved in a series of conflicts with the Roman Empire, the dominant power of the time. It was ultimately annexed by that empire in the year 106 A.D.

during the rule of the Roman Emperor Trajan. After that, migratory peoples ravaged this land, and then up to 1541 Romanians were controlled by Turkey. Between the tenth and the twelfth centuries Romania was ruled by Hungarians.

In 1600, there were three counties in Romania: Moldavia, Transylvania and Walachia. They were united under the rule of Michael the Brave but for a short time. The next people, who ruled Romania, were the Austrians, until 1775 and in 1812 the Russians occupied them. Furthermore, brief Romanian history lets you know that in 1848 there was a great revolution in order to win independence.

Then, in 1859, Alexander John Cuza succeeded to unite Moldavia and Walachia. Subsequently, Romania got independence in the year 1877. Romania joined the First World War in 1916 in favour of the Allies. At the end of the War, it was rewarded with the addition of Transylvania. Therefore, in 1916 Romania joined the First World War, as allied to Antanta.

At the end of the war, the Austrian Hungarian and Russian empires disappeared and two other lands added to Romania: Bessarabia and Bucovina. From 1938 to 1944 Romania was involved in the Second World War. During this time a king, who was forced to leave his throne in 1940 out of political reasons, ruled Romania. At the end of the Second World War, Transylvania belonged to Romania, but they lost part of Bucovina, Bessarabia and Dobrogea.

Though Romania became a part of the Soviet Bloc in the post war period, it still retained a degree of independence in its policies. When Nicolai Ceaucescu came to power in 1967, it seemed that dark ages had returned to haunt Romania. Romania was a socialist republic during his infamous regime, and all the negative experiences of a communist state seemed to converge on Romania.

Widespread hunger and deprivation seemed to be the order of a day, even as his authoritarian rule clamped down on television and the freedom of expression. There was no freedom of worship either, and, in fact, many churches were pulled down. The reign of Nicolai Ceaucescu finally came to an end after the mass upsurge in 1989.

He was executed after a hurried trial together with his wife, Elena. As Romania limped towards a democratic set up and the market economy, a lot of hardships were inflicted on the common man. In fact, some people felt that even the communist rule was better than the chaos its removal resulted in. Nowadays Romania has a democratic constitution and since 1989 three presidents ruled it: Ion Iliescu, Emil Constantinescu and Trajan Basescu, who is the President of Romania since 2004. In 2002 Romania adhered to NATO and since 2007 Romania is a member of European Union. As you can see, Romania has a really eventful history.

This brief overview will hopefully give you an insight into the background of Romanian society and culture.

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